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1100
 A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Carisbrooke Castle given to de Redvers
Henry I granted the ownership of the castle on the Isle of Wight to Richard de Redvers a Norman nobleman.
See Also
Construction of Carew Castle
Gerard of Windsor built a motte and bailey castle on the Daugleddau creek in south Wales around this time. The land on which the castle was built was given to Gerard when he married Princess Nest. 1
See Also
Theodoric became the Antipope
(More...)
Jul 13
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Abbey Church at Gloucester dedicated
The abbey church at Gloucester built by Abbot Serlo was dedicated by Samson the Bishop of Worcester, Gundulph the Bishop of Rochester and Harvey Bishop of Bangor.
See Also
Jul 18
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Godfrey of Bouillon dies
Godfrey of Bouillon died just a year after the crusaders had captured Jerusalem. Agreeing who should succeed Godfrey as ruler of Jerusalem was not easy. The head of the Church in Jerusalem, Dagobert of Pisa, claimed that the Church itself should rule and as he was its representative he should have the job. Godfrey's brother, Baldwin of Edessa, had other ideas and travelled to Jerusalem with an army to claim the throne.2
See Also
Aug
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William buried at Winchester
William Rufus was buried under the tower of Winchester Cathedral. The tower fell down (either in 1101 or 1107 ?). The cause was blamed on the wickedness of the King's bones but was probably due to poor construction or uncertain foundations.
See Also
Qtr 3
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Anselm recalled from exile
Henry I had no quarrels with the exiled archbishop and invited Anselm to return from exile and take back his position at Canterbury.
See Also
Aug 2
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William II (Rufus) is killed while hunting
William II (Rufus) was (accidentally ?) killed while hunting in the New Forest. He was succeeded by Prince Henry, who became Henry I.3
See Also
Aug 5
-
Henry I succeeds
Henry was crowned king at Westminster Abbey. (Under Henry, the lodges continued and the first Magna Carta of charter of liberties was obtained by the Normans, restoring the laws of Edward the Confessor.)4
See Also
Nov 11
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Henry I marries Matilda of Scotland
Henry I marries Matilda, daughter of Malcolm III and sister of Edgar, the King of the Scots.3
See Also
Dec 25
-
Baldwin I becomes king of Jerusalem
Supported by an army of over a thousand men, Baldwin claimed the throne of Jerusalem. Baldwin of Edessa was Godfrey's brother and he claimed the throne as his heritage. Baldwin was crowned on Christmas Day at Bethlehem.
See Also
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1101
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Arundel Castle siege
After the castle falls to the besiegers, Arundel is passed to the ownership is passed to the King. 5
See Also
Roger Bigod granted lands at Framlingham
This is the start of a line of Bigod involvement at Framlingham where later a castle is built.
See Also
Albert elected Antipope
(More...)
Feb
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Robert attempts to take the Crown
Ranulf Flambard escaped from the Tower of London and fled to Normandy. There he joined Robert II of Normandy who had just returned from the Crusades. Flambard and Robert planned to take the English throne away from his younger brother Henry I.
See Also
Apr 2
-
Henry I appoints Roger, a Norman Monk, as Chancellor
Henry I appointed Roger, a Norman Monk, as Chancellor. While in Caen Henry and his elder brother William (Rufus) had entered a church and requested the priest say mass. The priest impressed the two with his efficiency that they made him their chaplain. Roger then became chancellor and later Bishop of Salisbury. Roger helped build many churches and castles.3
See Also
Jul
-
The Treaty of Alton
Robert Duke of Normandy landed at Portsmouth with an army and marched up to Alton on the way to London. Here he and Henry signed a treaty where Robert gave up his claim to the throne of England in return for 3,000 marks a year. The treaty also ensured that Robert's supporters would not be punished.
See Also
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1102
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Earl Robert of Belleme
Henry I brings several charges against Robert of Belleme. Robert resists Henry but finally surrenders at Shrewsbury Castle. Robert is exiled. 6
See Also
Henry captures castle at Bridgnorth
The castle at Bridgnorth was surrendered to Henry. 5
See Also
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1103
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Henry let off paying Robert of Normandy
Robert of Normandy visits Henry and tells him that he does not need to pay Normandy the three thousand marks which he should have, bound by treaty to be paid each year. 6
See Also
Crops do badly
Cattle as well as corn and fruit crops did badly this year. 6
See Also
Conflicts between Church and State
Disagreements began to arise between Henry I and Archbishop Anselm over the appointment of bishops and abbots into important Church positions. Anselm believed that it was a matter for the Church to decide and should not be controlled by the King. No concession could be agreed upon and once again Anselm went into exile as the King confiscated the lands that the archbishop owned.
See Also
Aug 10
-
Strong winds damage crops
On the morning of mass day of St. Lawrence, strong winds did more damage that anyone could remember. (St. Lawrence's day appears to be August 10, but this not have been the case in medieval times.)6
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1104
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Port of Acre captured by the Crusaders
King Baldwin I captured the important port of Acre on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean. The port was an important supply route for Jerusalem.
See Also
Nicholas I becomes King of Denmark
(More...)
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1105
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Henry attacks his brother
Henry entered Normandy to take power from this brother Robert whose incapacity to manage the affairs of the region could have had grave consequences. Robert fought back forcing Henry to return to England but not before Henry had gained Caen and Bayeux.
See Also
Sylvester IV becomes the Antipope
(More...)
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1106
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
A comet passes by
A comet was seen and reported by several civilisations around the World. Lasting for forty days the comet grew steadily in brightness until finally fading away.
See Also
Construction of Kidwelly Castle
Roger, bishop of Salisbury, is granted land in south Wales and started construction of a wooden castle on the banks of the river Gwendraeth.
See Also
Jan
-
Venice hit by a series of disasters
In January Venice was hit by severe floods. Shortly afterwards a fire broke out destroying several districts of the city. Several months later another more deadly fire started. As many of the buildings were constructed of wood the fire spread out of control. The disasters led to future buildings being constructed of stone and brick.7
See Also
Sep 28
-
Henry attacks his brother again
Henry attacked his brother at the battle of Tinchebrai. This time with a much larger force Henry defeated and captured Robert along with the Count of Mortain. Henry locked Robert in Cardiff castle where he remained until he died in 1135.
See Also
Oct 17
-
St. Etheldreda's Day
In 1106 or 1107 at Ely Cathedral the remains of saint Etheldreda were moved into the newly built presbytery. This was done on the saint's day, October 17th.8
See Also
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1107
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
FitzHamon dies
Robert FitzHamon died of his injuries at Falaise in Normandy in 1107. His son-in-law Robert Fitzroy succeeded to the Manor of Tewkesbury and continued the building the Abbey at Tewkesbury.
See Also
Construction of Llandaff Cathedral
At Llandaff in South Wales bishop Urban began the construction of a new church on the site of a much older religious site.
See Also
Alexander I becomes King of the Scots
Alexander became king after the death of his brother Edgar. 9
See Also
Jan 8
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Alexander I becomes king of the Scots
The death of Edgar caused a split of unity in Scotland. Alexander I became King of the Scots and David I became the King in Lothian and Strathclyde.
See Also
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1108
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Louis VI becomes King of France
Louis VI, the Fat, became king of France, upon the death of his father Philippe I. 10
See Also
Winchester Cathedral tower
Work began on the tower of Winchester Cathedral in 1108 and building continued Until 1120. 11
See Also
Southwell Cathedral nave
Work began on the nave and transepts in 1105 and work continued until 1150. 11
See Also
Death of Gundulf
Gundulf's thirty year career of magnificent castle and cathedral design and construction came to an end with his death. His plans for the reconstruction of Rochester Cathedral were left incomplete. It was not until 1115 that construction work was to resume under the direction of Ernulf. 8
See Also
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1109
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Church at Ely becomes seat of bishop
The church at Ely became a Cathedral when it became the seat of the bishopric (or Diocese) of the area.
See Also
Abduction of Princess Nest
Nest, the wife of Gerald de Windsor, was abducted along with her children possibly from Cilgerrran Castle. She was abducted by one of her own relatives, Owain ap Cadwgan.
See Also
Apr 21
-
Archbishop Anselm dies
Death of the Archbishop of Canterbury.12
See Also
Jul 12
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Fall of Tripoli
After a siege lasting many years Tripoli fell to the Crusaders. The Banu Ammar Emirs had an important library in the city but it was attacked and all the books were destroyed. The Crusader state of Tripoli was then founded, the last of the Crusader states. Bertrand of Toulouse, the son of Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse, became the ruler of the state alongside William-Jordan.13
See Also
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1110
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Construction of Aberystwyth Castle
An improved castle was built by the Norman Gilbert de Clare at Aberystwyth replacing an earlier fort. 1
See Also
Windsor Castle becomes a royal residence
Henry I had improvements made to Windsor Castle, including a chapel, so that he could use the castle as his formal residence. 14
See Also
Birth of Geoffrey Plantagenet
Geoffrey Plantagenet was the son of Fulk V, the count of Anjou. Geoffrey would marry Matilda, the daughter of Henry I, King of England. 15
See Also
Haughmond Abbey Founded
This Augustinian priory was founded by William, a Lord of Clun. 16
See Also
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1111
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Severe winter
An extreme winter prevented the growing of crops and cattle died of disease.
See Also
Founding of Neath Abbey
Neath Abbey in south Wales was founded by Richard de Granville. Originally part of the Savigniac Order. 16
See Also
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1112
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Construction of new cathedral at Exeter
The second Norman bishop at Exeter, Warelwast started the construction of a new cathedral because he was not happy with the current building.
See Also
Mar
-
Bernard of Clairvaux reaches Citeaux
Bernard (at the age of 22), his brothers and several Burgundian nobles reached the monastery at Citeaux. As there had not been any new novices for some years, Stephen Harding, the abbot, accepted them willingly.17
See Also
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1113
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Knights Hospitallers Recognised
A Papal Bull (a formal proclamation issued by the pope) recognised and named the Knights Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem as an independent religious order.
See Also
Jun
-
Worcester Cathedral damaged by fire
The city of Worcester, its cathedral and castle were damaged by an accidental fire.18
See Also
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1114
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Count of Champagne travels to the Holy Land
The Count of Champagne was preparing to travel to the Holy Land when he received a letter from the bishop of Chartres. The letter stated that the count was planning to join 'la milice du Christ' (the original name for the Templars ?). This seems to indicate that the order existed at this time, as the letter speaks of chastity, something not usually expected of a Crusader.
See Also
Chichester Cathedral fire
Chichester Cathedral suffered a disastrous fire in this year.
See Also
Jan
-
Matilda marries an Emperor
Matilda, the daughter of Henry I is married to Emperor Henry V.
See Also
Nov
-
Earthquake
A large earthquake damaged the areas of the Frankish control in the East. Antioch and Edessa were hit by the shocks.
See Also
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1115
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Count of Champagne donates land to St. Bernard
The count of Champagne donated land to St. Bernard on which the abbey of Clairvaux was built. 19
See Also
Clairvaux Abbey founded
The Cistercian abbey of Clairvaux was founded in 1115 by Bernard of Fontaines who became Clairvaux's abbot until his death in 1153.
See Also
Nave of Rochester Cathedral
Construction of Rochester Cathedral's name commenced in 1115 and finished around 1130. 11
See Also
St. Albans consecrated
The church at St. Albans was consecrated.
See Also
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1116
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Fire destroys Peterborough Abbey
An accidental fire destroys the abbey at Peterborough.
See Also
Welsh attack Norman castles
The Welsh led by Grufydd ap Rhys attacked both Llandovery and Carmarthen Castles. 1
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1117
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Peterborough Cathedral choir and transept
After the devastating fire of 1116 work began on rebuilding the abbey at Peterborough. The central area including choir and transept were begun first. Work continued until 1155. 11
See Also
Berkeley castle construction
Roger de Berkeley began the construction of Berkeley Castle in 1117 and it was completed by his son, also called Roger, by 1153. 20
See Also
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1118
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Baldwin II becomes King of Jerusalem
Baldwin II became King of Jerusalem following in his cousin's footsteps. 2
See Also
Earthquake
An earthquake damages Crowland Abbey. 21
See Also
Gregory VIII becomes the Antipope
(More...)
Gelasius II becomes Pope
(More...)
Apr 14
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Baldwin II crowned
Baldwin of le Bourg was crowned as King of Jerusalem in Jerusalem on Easter Sunday.
See Also
May 1
-
Queen Matilda dies
Queen Matilda died at the Palace of Westminster where for the last 12 years of her life she had been neglected by Henry.
See Also
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1119
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Knights Templar in Jerusalem
The Knights Templars travelled to the Holy Lands twenty years after Jerusalem was captured by European powers. 22
See Also
Knights Templar order founded in Jerusalem
Knights Templar order founded in Jerusalem, by Hughes de Payen. 2
See Also
Hughes de Payen: Master of the Temple
Hughes de Payen became the Master of the Temple. 2
See Also
William Adelin marries Matilda
Fulk V of Anjou married his daughter Matilda to William Adelin, heir to the English crown. Wanting to go on Crusade, Fulk needed to ensure security and a marriage between his family and the English crown could help.
See Also
Roger de Newburgh 2nd Earl of Warwick
Roger de Newburgh became the second Earl of Warwick.
See Also
Calixtus II becomes Pope
(More...)
Jun
-
Field of Blood
Muslim forces kill Roger of Antioch and many members of his army at the battle of the Field of Blood. 7
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1120
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Worcester Cathedral Chapter-house
Work began on the chapter-house of Worcester Cathedral. 11
See Also
Norwich castle keep
The keep of the castle at Norwich was possibly constructed between 1120 and 1130. 23
See Also
Dedication of Llandaff Cathedral
The church at Llandaff was dedicated by bishop Urban to St. Peter, St. Dubricius, St. Teilo and St. Oudoceus.
See Also
Kenilworth Castle constructed
Henry I gave a portion of the Stoneleigh estate to Geoffrey de Clinton his chamberlain. de Clinton built a motte and bailey on the land and formed a lake to provide better defences. 24
See Also
Construction of Sherborne Castle
Built by Roger, Bishop of Salisbury. 25
See Also
Nov
-
William Adelin is drowned
The son of Henry I was drowned attempting a crossing from Normandy to England. It should have been a straight forward sea crossing from Normandy to England and the weather was good, but the young prince and his young friends had delayed the sailing with their merrymaking in Normandy. The crew of the White Ship were supplied with beer were in no state to handle the ship safely. The ship his rocks and began to sink. Prince William was initially saved and placed in a small boat but on his orders he tried to rescue his sister and the boat was overwhelmed by others hoping to be saved. The small boat tipped over and the prince was drowned.
See Also
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1121
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Norwich Cathedral nave and tower
Work on the nave and central tower was begun in 1121 after the choir and transept. Work finished in 1145. 11
See Also
Henry I marries Adeliza
Henry I married Adeliza of Louvain at Windsor Castle. Adeliza was his second wife. They did not have any children. 26
See Also
Reading Abbey founded
Henry I founded the abbey at Reading. The Cluniac Order of monks populated the abbey. 12
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1122
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Kenilworth Abbey Founded
A priory of Austin Canons was founded in Kenilworth by Geoffrey de Clinton, the Chamberlain of King Henry I. The Priory was raised to the status of an abbey in the reign of Henry VI. 16
See Also
Gloucester fire
A fire that started in the town of Gloucester spread to the Cathedral destroying treasures and all but a few books. 8
See Also
Aug
-
Venetians besiege Corfu
In retaliation for the removal of their trading rights agreed in the treaty of 1082 by the emperor of Byzantine, John II, the Venetians led by Doge Michiel began a long siege of the island of Corfu.7
See Also
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1123
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Foundation of Inchcolm Abbey
Alexander I founded this abbey on an island in the middle of the Forth river in Scotland. The Scottish king took refuge on the island in a storm and rewarded the hermit who looked after him with the foundation of a church.
See Also
Apr
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Baldwin II is captured
Baldwin, the king of Jerusalem, was captured by Balak of Aleppo. To save the situation the Venetians were asked to help and so Doge Michiel lifted the siege of Corfu and took his fleet to Acre, arriving at the port in May.7
See Also
May
-
Egyptian navy destroyed off Ascalon
The Venetian fleet arrived at Ascalon and instantly set about attacking the Egyptian fleet. The Egyptian fleet was totally destroyed or captured.7
See Also
Oct 23
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Tewkesbury Abbey consecrated
Five bishops took part in the consecration of Tewkesbury Abbey.
See Also
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1124
A-S C
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Events occurring at some time during this year
Unity of Scotland restored under David I
The unity in Scotland was restored at the death of Alexander by David I who became King of Scots. During his reign the Scottish borders were extended to the River Tees, including all of Northumberland. (Was he assisted by the Knight Templar?)
See Also
Louis prevents war
Louis VI with the help of his vassals, mobilizes a huge number of men, to avert a joint invasion from England and the Emperor Henry V. 10
See Also
Furness Abbey founded
Founded by Stephen, the future King of England, this abbey is situated near Barrow in Furness. Initially the order was Savigniac but were later converted to Cistercians in 1147 when the orders were merged. 27
See Also
Agreement with Venice
The Crusaders and Venetians came to an agreement. If the Venetians assisted in the capture of Tyre and Ascalon they could take a third of each city for themselves. 7
Celestine II is elected Antipope
(More...)
Was Antipope for just one or two days before resigning in favour of Honorius II.
Honorius II becomes Pope
(More...)
Feb
(to Jul)
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Siege of Tyre
The Crusaders laid siege to the city of Tyre in February and the city's inhabitants managed to hold out for five months before succumbing to starvation. The Crusaders were assisted by a fleet of ships from Venice.28
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Selection of references used:
1. Mike Salter, Castles of South-West Wales 2. Edward Burman, The Templars, Knights of God, 0-85030-396-6 3. Alan & Veronica Palmer, Pimlico Chronology of Britsh History, 0-7126-7331-8 4. Preston Williams, Illustrations of Masonry 5. Derek Renn, Norman Castles, 1968 6. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 7. John Julius Norwich, A History of Venice 8. T. Francis Bumpus, The Cathedrals of England and Wales, 1934 9. Susan Ross, The Castles of Scotland, 0 85097 184 5 10. Duc de Castries, The lives of the Kings and Queens of France, 0 297 77676 2 11. John Harvey, English Cathedrals, 1961 12. Peter Potter, Data Donation 13. Zoe Oldenbourg, The Crusades 14. John Timbs & Alexander Gunn, Abbeys, Castles and Ancient Halls of England & Wales (North), 1872 15. The Plantagenet Chronicles, 1-85501-685-0 16. M.R.James, Abbeys, 1925 17. Saint Bernard of Clairvaux Abbot 18. G H Cook, English Cathedrals through the centuries 19. Micheal Baigent, Richard Leigh and Henry Lincoln, The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail 20. John Kinross, Discovering Castles in England and Wales 21. Roy Midmer, English Medieaval Monasteries 1066-1540, 1979 22. Graham Hancock, The Sign and the Seal, 1992 23. Sheila Sancha, The Castle Story 24. Mike Salter, Castles and Moated Castles of Warwickshire 25. Sidney Toy, Catles. Their Construction and History, 1985, 0-486-24898-4 26. E.B.D'Auvergne, The English Castles, 1926 27. Various, The Cistercian Abbeys of Britain, 1998, 0-7134-8392-X 28. G.A.Cambell, The Knights Templar. Their rise and fall
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