Canute (King of England 1016-1035)
Truce with Edmund
Ensuring his power
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Viking Invasions (click here)
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Canute (King of England 1016-1035) (b.995? - d.1035) +Aelfgifu (of Northampton) (b.990? - d.1040) | = Swein | = Harold (Harefoot, King of England 1037-1040) (b.1015? - d.1040) +Emma (of Normandy, Wife of Aethelred) (b.982? - d.1052) = Harthacnut (King of England 1040-1042) (b.1018? - d.1042) = Gunhildr
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Timeline
Swein Fork-Beard and his son Canute sailed from Denmark to attack England. Again London defended itself and the Vikings moved elsewhere, taking Wessex, Mercia and Northumbria.
As Swein's eldest son Harald became King of Denmark when Swein died. Harald controlled Denmark while his younger brother Canute was in England.
Canute invaded England taking control of Mercia and Northumbria. Aethelred was ill and England was in the hands of Edmund (Ironside).
Edmund II became king at the death of his father Aethelred II in London. The people of London chose prince Edmund as king but it was short lived as the Southampton Witan chose Canute, who then invaded England.
Canute advanced on London for a fight with Aethelred but Aethelred died in the same month. London accepted Edmund Ironside as their ruler. Canute would have to defeat Edmund if he was to become King of England. [1]
Edmund had gone to Wessex to accept the support of the people there as the new king of England but Canute had reached London and was besieging its inhabitants. The Londoners held out against Canute's attempts to defeat them while Edmund travelled back to help. Edmund's army grew as he advanced towards Canute. The English won a couple of battles forcing the Danes to retreat and regroup but the Danes won the important battle at Ashingdon. [2]
Canute defeated Edmund Ironside at Ashingdon and a treaty was signed leaving Edmund with only the area of Wessex.
Edmund Ironside died only a month after the treaty with Canute. Canute then became King of England.
Canute married Emma, the widow of Aethelred the Unready. This helped Canute secure ties with Normandy as Emma was the daughter of Count of Normandy.
Canute had the treacherous Ealdorman Eadric Streona of Mercia killed.
Canute arranged for a massive Danegeld to be paid to the Viking fleet. Happy with the sum of money they received from the English, the Viking army returned home leaving just a small number of ships under the control of Canute.
Canute travelled to Denmark after the death of his elder brother Harald to ensure his own succession to the Danish throne. [1]
Around this time King Canute gave the trusted Godwin the title and role of Earl of Wessex.
Canute attended the coronation of Emperor Conrad II in Rome. This proved his position as the head of a major power. [1]
Canute defeated Olaf Haraldsson and took control of Norway. Olaf fled the country taking his family with him. [1]
King Canute visited Glastonbury Abbey to grant the abbey gifts and privileges. He also knelt at the altar and prayed. [3]
Aelfgifu became regent of Norway ruling in place of her son Swein who had been appointed king of Norway by Canute after the defeat of Olaf Haraldson.
According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Canute travelled to Scotland where he forced the Scottish Kings into submission.
King Canute died at Shaftesbury leaving the rule of the country in dispute between Harthacnut (the son of Emma) and Harold Harefoot (the son of Aelfgifu). The Earls of Northumbria and Mercia supported Harold's claim while Earl Godwin supported Harthacanute's. Canute's body was taken to Winchester to be buried. Harthacnut was in Denmark at the time of his father's death and was unable to travel to England because of invasion threats.
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