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Wessex

essex was one of the seven Anglo-Saxon areas that divided England. These seven areas, known as the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy, included Wessex, Sussex, Mercia, East Anglia, Northumbria, Kent and Essex. Wessex was the area running along the south and south-west coasts of England and was lived in by the West Saxons. Kings of Wessex include Alfred the Great (871 - 899) and Edward the Elder (899 - 924). The capital of Wessex was Winchester.

Timeline

837
...
Battle of Hingston Down

A Viking raiding party assisted by local Cornish men was defeated by Egbert of Wessex at the Battle of Hingston Down

839
...
Ethulwulf becomes king of Wessex

Egbert was followed by his son Ethulwulf as King of Wessex.

849
...
Alfred 'the Great' is born

Alfred, the fifth son of Ethelwulf King of Wessex, was born. [1]

858
...
Ethelbald becomes King of Wessex

Unhappy with his father's marriage to Judith and absence from the country, Ethelbald, Ethelwulf's second son claimed the kingdom of Wessex for himself. When Ethelwulf later died, Ethelbald married Judith, his stepmother. [1]

860
...
Ethelbert becomes King of Wessex

Upon the death of his elder brother, Ethelbert became the King of Wessex. [1]

865
...
Ethelred becomes King of Wessex

Following the death of his elder brother, Ethelred became the King of Wessex. Alfred (the Great) became his deputy. [1]

867
Mar 21
Battle of York

Armies from Northumbria led by the two kings Aella and Osberht attacked the Danes at York but were defeated. The two kings were killed after gaining access to the city. After the battle the Danes moved south attacking Nottingham and taking control of it. The king of Mercia asked Ethelred and Alfred for assistance and an army from Wessex was sent to help. [1]

870
Dec
The Danes attack Wessex

The Danes moved south into the Wessex area and captured Reading. [1]

871
Apr
Alfred 'The Great' becomes king of Wessex

After fighting the Danes all winter Aethelred died. He was only in his late twenties or early thirties. He was buried at Wimborne and was succeeded by his younger brother Alfred 'the Great'. Aethelred had two sons but they were too young to rule. The younger son Aethelwold would later rebel against Alfred's son Edward the Elder for the English throne. [1]

875
...
Danes move against the north.

Led by Halfdan the Danes moved north to attack the Picts and the area of Strathclyde. The Danes divided Northumbria taking York for themselves and creating the area known as Danelaw. A second Danish King called Guthrum took his army back south to Cambridge where he prepared plans to attack Wessex. [1]

879
...
Start of reorganisation

After the success at Edington Alfred decided to construct of a series of fortified villages or burhs to help protect Wessex. He set up a system that provided Wessex with both a standing army and defence at a local level.

899
Oct 26
Alfred dies, Edward 'The Elder' becomes King

Alfred the Great died on October 26th and Edward, his son, became king of Wessex. Apart from the English people under Danish rule, Alfred had ruled over all the English in the country. [1]

925
Sep 4
Aethelstan becomes King of Wessex and Mercia

Aethelstan became King of Wessex and Mercia. His coronation took place at Kingston-upon-Thames. At this point Aethelstan was not king of all England. He had to wait until 927 to become overlord of the other regional rulers.

946
May
Eadred becomes King of Wessex

Eadred became King of Wessex. He followed his brother Edmund who was murdered. Edmund left two sons, Eadwig and Edgar, who were both too young to rule.

955
...
Eadwig becomes King of England.

Eadwig became the King of England after the death of Eadred, his uncle.

1013
...
Swein Fork-Beard and Canute attack England

Swein Fork-Beard and his son Canute sailed from Denmark to attack England. Again London defended itself and the Vikings moved elsewhere, taking Wessex, Mercia and Northumbria.

1016
May
Canute attacks London

Edmund had gone to Wessex to accept the support of the people there as the new king of England but Canute had reached London and was besieging its inhabitants. The Londoners held out against Canute's attempts to defeat them while Edmund travelled back to help. Edmund's army grew as he advanced towards Canute. The English won a couple of battles forcing the Danes to retreat and regroup but the Danes won the important battle at Ashingdon. [2]

Oct 18
Treaty between Canute and Edmund

Canute defeated Edmund Ironside at Ashingdon and a treaty was signed leaving Edmund with only the area of Wessex.

1052
May
The Godwins invade England

Godwin, Earl of Wessex, his son Harold and a large fleet sailed up the Thames to London forcing Edward to reinstate them into their previous positions of power.

1053
Apr
Harold becomes Earl of Wessex

Godwin, Earl of Wessex, died and Harold Godwinson inherited his title.

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Selection of references used:

  • 1: Ronald McNair Scott, Alfred the Great, ISBN:0-86332-832-6
  • 2: Richard Humble, The Fall of Saxon England

    See Also

    People

    • ATHELSTAN (King of the English 924-939)
    • Eadred (King of the English 946-955)
    • Eadwig (King of the English 955-959)
    • Edgar (I, King of the English 959-975)
    • Edmund (II Ironside, King of the English 1016)
    • Edward (The Confessor, King of England 1042-1066)
    • HAROLD (II, Godwinson, King of England 1066)
    • Canute (King of England 1016-1035)
    • Egbert (King of Wessex 802-839)
    • Aethelwulf (King of Wessex 839-858)
    • Athelbald (King of Wessex 858-860)
    • Aethelbert (King of Wessex 860-866)
    • Aethelred (King of Wessex 866-871)
    • Alfred (The Great, King of Wessex 871-899)
    • Guthrum (King of the Danes -890)
    • Godwin (Earl of Wessex)
    • Tostig (Earl of Northumbria)
    • Godwinson, Sweyn
    • A .. Z List of Medieval People

    Other

    • Winchester

    A Medieval Mystery

    There appear to be some strange connections between the fourteenth century Old Wardour Castle and ancient stone circle Stonehenge.

    1: Location

    Old Wardour Castle appears to be aligned to ancient sites in the Stonehenge landscape.

    2: Alignment

    Stonehenge is aligned to the Summer Solstice. Old Wardour has a very similar alignment.

    3: Size

    Could the builders of Old Wardour used mesaurements from Stonehenge to layout the geometrical keep?

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