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England, Scotland and Wales in 550
This map shows how Britain was organised in around 550 AD.
When the Saxons and Angles invaded Britain they had to defeat
the native Britons. This is the era of King Arthur
who, legend states, defended Britain against the invaders. The Saxons managed to
defeat the Britons and take control of the
country. The Saxons settled mainly in the south of England, while the Angles
settled mainly on the east coast.
Explore the White Tower
Explore four floors of the keep at the Tower of London.
Adventure Game - Early Access
Early Access to the TimeRef card-based Adventure Game.
Medieval Town - Early Access
Explore the medieval town.
Medieval Village - Early Access
Explore the medieval village.
Medieval Abbey - Early Access
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Medieval Theatre - Early Access
Explore the medieval theatre.
Where did they settle?
While the Romans were present in Britain they were able to keep
the Picts in the north and Scots in the West at bay, but when the Romans left
Britain in 410 the native Britons
faced attacks from both. The Chronicle tells of a ruler of the Britons called
Vortigern, a warlord who may have ruled Britain after the Romans departed.
In 449 AD (the dates are an approximation), the Chronicle says,
two brothers of the Jutish tribe, Hengist and Horsa, were employed as
mercenaries by Vortigern to help defend the lands
against attacks from the Picts and Scots. Vortigern gave the bothers the Isle of
Thanet, the most easterly point of Kent. At this time it was cut off from the
mainland by a
strip of water but now it is no longer an island.
Once the attacks of the Picts and Scots had been halted the
brothers refused to leave and sent back word to their homeland of the rich and
fertile
lands in Kent that they now occupied. Many years of war between the Britons and
invading Jutes then took place as the Jutes secured lands in Kent. A later
account of these events mention the
daughter of Hengist called Rowena who married Vortigern and secured Kent for the
Saxons through marriage.