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Biography
Biography
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Langton, Stephen

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 Borncirca 1150   Born At
 Died1228  Buried At
 Borncirca 1150 / 
 Died1228 / 
rchbishop of Canterbury. After the death of Hubert Walter, king John wanted John Gray, bishop of Norwich as the new archbishop. The bishops and monks instead voted Reginald, the prior of Canterbury. John forced the election of Gray, but pope Innocent III did not agree and held a vote between Gray and Reginald that ended in a draw. The pope chose Langton instead.

Related Episodes

Excommunication of King John (click here)

Excommunication of King John (click here)

The First Barons' War (click here)

The First Barons' War (click here)

 

Family Tree Details

 Langton, Stephen (b.1150? - d.1228)
 Langton, Stephen (b.1150? - d.1228)

See Also

    People

    • Innocent (III, Pope)
    • Walter, Hubert
    • John (King of England 1199-1216)
    • A .. Z List of Medieval People

    Places

    • Canterbury Cathedral
    • A .. Z List of Medieval Buildings

    Other

    • The Magna Carta

    Timeline

    1206    (Age: 56yrs)
    Dec
    The Pope chooses Stephen Langton for Canterbury

    Although the monks of Canterbury wanted their own sub-prior for the post of Archbishop and King John wanted John de Gray, Pope Innocent III chose Stephen Langton. Langton was originally from Lincolnshire but after teaching in Paris had moved to Rome where he had become a Cardinal. The monks of Canterbury accepted the Pope's decision and voted Langton in as the new Archbishop. King John did not agree. ¹

    1207    (Age: 57yrs)
    ...
    Stephen Langton becomes Archbishop of Canterbury

    Stephen Langton was chosen as Archbishop of Canterbury by Pope Innocent III. ¹

    Aug
    The Pope threatens an Interdict

    The Pope threatened King John with the sentence of Interdict unless he accepted Stephen Langton as Archbishop of Canterbury. An Interdict meant that church services would be banned in England except for baptisms and confessions.  ¹

    1208    (Age: 58yrs)
    Mar 24
    Interdict served by the Pope

    With King John still refusing to accept Langton as Archbishop the Pope served the sentence of Interdict on England. In response King John confiscated church property. Many of the bishops of the great churches in the country fled abroad to the Continent. ¹

    1209    (Age: 59yrs)
    ...
    Langton lands at Dover

    Stephen Langton landed in England from France to see King John and take the position of Archbishop of Canterbury. John refused to meet with him although John did meet Stephen's brother Simon. ¹

    1212    (Age: 62yrs)
    Nov
    John accepts Pope's demands

    Taking the advice of William Marshal John accepted the demands of the Pope and that Stephen Langton should become Archbishop. A peace mission was also sent to the Pope. ¹

    1213    (Age: 63yrs)
    Jul 20
    Excommunication lifted

    When King John agreed to meet Stephen Langton at Winchester he was absolved from excommunication. ¹

    1215    (Age: 65yrs)
    May 27
    A truce is sought

    Stephen Langton and William Marshall attempted to get the Barons and John to meet and find a settlement to the civil war.  ¹

    Jun 15
    John's Great Charter (the Magna Carta)

    A large number of barons, led by Stephen Langton the archbishop of Canterbury, meet King John on an island in the Thames at Runnymede. They forced the king to sign the 'Great Charter' or Magna Carta that would limit the power of the monarchy. The barons insisted that the old feudal contract should be reinstated and that the king should abide by the laws that the rest of the population did. The feudal contract allowed the barons to run their own lands, renting it from the king but paying rent by supplying knights rather than money. This feudal system had been set up by William the Conqueror. ¹

    1221    (Age: 71yrs)
    ...
    Hubert de Burgh

    Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury, travelled to Rome and left Hubert de Burgh in charge of affairs of the country.

    1224    (Age: 74yrs)
    Qtr 1
    Henry reclaims castles

    All those castles that had been taken from King John were claimed back by Henry. Henry did not want to have untrustworthy Barons in control of strong castles. Fawkes de Breaute, one of the castle occupiers refused to relinquish his castle(s) and started a short rebellion. Stephen Langton and Hubert de Burgh dealt with Fawkes and the castles were handed over. (Need to find out which castles)

    1228    (Age: 78yrs)
    ...
    Stephen Langton dies

    On the death of Stephen Langton, the archbishop of Canterbury, the Pope, attempting to raise as much money from the clergy in England filled senior posts in the clergy with anyone who bidded the highest. ¹

    3D Virtual Reconstructions

    Transport yourself back up to a thousand years and explore historical buildings as they may have appeared in the past. Built using the popular game development tool Unity 3D, these reconstructions will run in the most of the popular web browsers on your desktop or laptop computer.

    More medieval people

    Uncover the lives of the hundreds of kings, queens, lords, ladies, barons, earls, archbishops and rebels who made the medieval people an exciting period of history to live through.

    Selection of references used:

    • 1. Maurice Ashley, The Life and Times of King John
    • 2. Richard Barber, The Devil's Crown
    • 3. Elizabeth Luckock and Caroline Gundy, Simon de Montfort, 1969, ISBN:08-008236-6

      See Also

        People

        • Innocent (III, Pope)
        • Walter, Hubert
        • John (King of England 1199-1216)
        • A .. Z List of Medieval People

        Places

        • Canterbury Cathedral
        • A .. Z List of Medieval Buildings

        Other

        • The Magna Carta

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