The Treaty of London or Universal Peace was signed in London between the major European countries, England, France, Burgundy and many more. For Cardinal Wolsey this treaty was a plan to produce a peaceful Europe. The treaty stated that the countries must not attack one another and if they did the other countries would come to the aid of those being attacked. Within the treaty was the agreement that Mary, the 2 year-old daughter of King Henry VIII, would marry the French dauphin.

The Treaty of Bruges was conducted in secrecy at Bruges between King Charles V, the Holy Roman Emporer, and Thomas Wolsey. In the terms of the treaty Wolsey promised Charles that King Henry VIII would join him in a joint campaign against France and Francis I. The meeting was held in secret because England was supposed to be a mediator in the dispute between Charles and Francis. The joint attacks of France would have to wait until March or May of 1523.

Emporer Charles V visited England and during his stay took part in a ceremony at Windsor Castle to become a member of the Order of the Garter.

Francis of France, while being held prisoner in Madrid, signed the Treaty agreeing to renounce claims to Milan and Naples and to give up suzerainty of Flanders and Artois. He also agreed to surrender the Duchy of Burgandy to Charles V of Spain. Possessions that had been seized from Charles de Bourbon were to be returned to him.

Francis is freed from captivity and returned to France. But he left two of his sons as hostages in the care of Charles V.

Thomas Wolsey was sent to France and the court of Francis I by King Henry to secure the release of Pope Clement VII, who was being held captive by Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor since Rome had been sacked. The real, and secret reason for freeing the Pope was to get the annulment of the marriage of King Henry and Catherine of Aragon.

Henry waged war against Charles V, the Holy Roman Emporer and captured the three bishoprics of Metz, Toul and Verdun.

Philip II of Spain left England and travelled back to Brussels to see his father Charles. Charles was suffering from premature aging due to his excessive lifestytle and was preparing to abdicate from his duties as King of Spain and retire. ¹

This treaty signed by Henry II brought peace with Charles V. France came out well in the deal as the three bishoprics, Metz, Toul and Verdun remained in their possession.