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Eadred EADRED (King of the English 946-955)
Eadwig EADWIG (King of the English 955-959)
EDGAR (I, King of the English 959-975) Edgar (King of Scotland 1097-1107)
Edgar (The Aetheling) Edmund
EDMUND (I, King of the English 939-946) EDMUND (II Ironside, King of the English 1016)
EDWARD (I, King of England 1272-1307) EDWARD (II, King of England 1307-1327)
EDWARD (III, King of England 1327-1377) Edward (IV, Earl of March and King of England 1461-1470, 1471-1483)
Edward (of Lancaster, Prince of Wales) Edward (Prince of Wales, son of Richard III)
Edward (The Black Prince) EDWARD (The Confessor, King of England 1042-1066)
EDWARD (the Elder, King of West Saxons, 899-924) Edward (The Exile)
EDWARD (The Martyr, King of the English 975-978) Edward (V, King of England 1483)
Edward (VI, King of England 1547-1553) Egbert (King of Wessex 802-839)
Eleanor (of Aquitaine) Eleanor (of Castile)
Elizabeth (I, Queen of England 1558-1603) Elizabeth (of York)
Emma (of Normandy, Wife of Aethelred) Ermentrude
Erskine, Margaret (Lady) Estrithson, Sweyn (King of Denmark (1047-1075/6))
Ethelflead Eustace (II, Count of Boulogne)
Eustace (IV, Count of Boulogne)


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       Eadred  
ourth son of Aethelred (the Unready)
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Family Tree Details
Father:  AETHELRED (II The Unready, King of the English 978-1013, 1014-1016) (b.967 - d.1016)
Mother:  Aelfgifu 
Eadred
       Eadwig  
ifth son of Aethelred (the Unready)
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Family Tree Details
Father:  AETHELRED (II The Unready, King of the English 978-1013, 1014-1016) (b.967 - d.1016)
Mother:  Aelfgifu 
Eadwig
       Edgar (The Aetheling) Died: circa 1126 
dgar was the son of Edward the Exile and grandson of Edmund II (Ironside), King of England. Edward the Exile had fled from England when Edmund II died and Canute had become King in 1016. In 1057 Edward the Exile and Edgar returned to England but Edward died shortly after. Edgar was brought up by Edward the Confessor. Because Edward the Confessor had no children Edgar was nominated as the heir to the English throne. When Edward the Confessor died in January of 1066 Edgar was too young to rule unaided and so Harold Godwinson was chosen as the next king of England. After Harold was killed at the battle of Hastings, in October of 1066, Edgar was briefly nominated as King until William the Conqueror assumed the title in December. In 1073 Edgar's attempts to take the English throne were upset by William the Conqueror. Edgar had joined forces with King Malcolm in Scotland and also King Philippe I of France. A storm in the North Sea put paid to any attempts and he surrendered to William.
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Family Tree Details
Father:  Edward (The Exile) (b.1016 - d.1057)
Mother:  Agatha (of Brunswick) 
Edgar (The Aetheling) ( - d.1126)
Mini Timeline

YearMonthDetailsEvent Location
1066  Nov  William advances to London Canterbury Cathedral
Hastings Castle
Wallingford Castle
   After his victory at the battle of Hastings William moved along the south coast to Dover where extra fortifications were built in the existing castle at the top of the cliffs. From there he moved on to Canterbury. After the death of Harold the archbishops of York and Canterbury, Ealdred and Stigand supported the plan to put Edgar the Aetheling on the English throne but William moved too quickly for this to be done. Canterbury submitted to William and he moved on to London. Instead of entering London from the south he moved around the west of the city crossing the Thames at Wallingford. Finally archbishop Stigand and the other Anglo-Saxon leaders submitted to William and after turning south at Little Berkhamsted William entered London. 
1067  Mar  William returns to Normandy
   William returned to Normandy taking as guests Edgar the Aetheling (the grandson of Edmund Ironside), Stigand (Archbishop of Canterbury, the Earls of Mercia and Northumbria and the brothers Edwin and Morcar.1 
1068    Malcolm III marries Edgar's sister
   Edgar the Aetheling took refuge with Malcolm III in Scotland along with his sister Margaret. Malcolm and Margaret were married in the same year. 
1072  Jun  William leads an army into Scotland
   It is possible that William the Conqueror was planning to attack King Malcolm to prevent him protecting Edgar the Aetheling and to stop him advancing into the north of England. The treaty 'Peace of Abernethy' brought a solution to the situation where Malcolm agreed to become William's vassal and to expel Edgar.1 
1073    Edgar the Aetheling attempts to take the English throne
   Edgar joins forces with King Malcolm in Scotland and King Philippe I of France. 
       Edmund Born: 965 
irst son of Edgar and Elfthyrth. Must have died young as he did not become king before his younger brother, Aethered.
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Family Tree Details
Father:  EDGAR (I, King of the English 959-975) (b.944 - d.975)
Mother:  Elfthyrth (b.945 - d.1000) 
Edmund (b.965 - )
       Edward (of Lancaster, Prince of Wales) Born: 13 Oct 1453 Died: 4 May 1471 
he only son of King Henry VI and Margaret of Anjou was Edward of Lancaster who was born at Westminster on the 13th of October, 1453. He was born during the period when the King was suffering from severe mental illness that prevented him from governing the kingdom. There were rumours that Edward was not the King's son but of one of Margaret's supporters. Edward was created Prince of Wales by Margaret while the King was unwell. Edward was born into a conflict between his father, a Lancastrian, and the Yorkists. The Lancastrians and Yorkists were fighting for the throne of England. The conflict is now known as the War of the Roses. During Edward's infancy he was looked after by his mother who led the fight against the Yorkists after Henry VI was captured. Margaret won several important battles but after defeat at the Battle of Towton fled first to Scotland and then to France. In France Edward was given a good education in preparation for his possible role as King of England. In 1470 Edward married Anne Neville. Anne was the daughter of Richard Neville, the Kingmaker. Richard had originally supported the Yorkists but changed sides and met up with Margaret in France to help Henry VI regain the English throne. In 1471 Margaret and Edward landed back in England but at the Battle of Tewkesbury the Lancastrians were defeated and Edward was dead.
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Family Tree Details
Father:  Henry (VI, King of England 1422-1461, 1470-1471) (b.1421 - d.1471)
Mother:  Margaret (of Anjou) (b.1429 - d.1482) 
Edward (of Lancaster, Prince of Wales) (b.1453 - d.1471)
     +Neville, Anne ( - d.1485)
Mini Timeline

YearMonthDetailsEvent Location
1453  Oct 13  Prince Edward of Lancaster is born
   Edward of Westminster, also known as Edward of Lancaster, King Henry's and Catherine of France's only son, was born at Westminster. 
1463  Jul  Queen Margaret returns to France Norham
   Warwick took an army north to deal with the new threat from Queen Margaret. The Yorkists again proved too powerful for the Lancastrians and with her invasion plans in ruin Margaret decided to return to France. She took Prince Edward with her.2 
1470    Marriage of Edward of Lancaster and Anne Neville
   The marriage between Edward of Lancaster, the son of Henry VI and Margaret of Anjou, to Anne Neville, the daughter of Richard Neville the Kingmaker was a marriage to cement the agreement that Richard and Margaret would support each other and try to get Henry VI back on the English throne. The marriage took place in France where Margaret and Edward were exiled. 
1471  Apr 14  Queen Margaret lands at Weymouth Weymouth
   Queen Margaret (wife of Henry VI) and her son Edward the prince of Wales landed at Weymouth on the very same day as the battle of Barnet. Their intention was to assist the Earl of Warwick, but she arrived too late. Determined to avenge the Barnet defeat, the Queen and her army marched north towards Wales and men she could count on to join her army. Edward had thought of this and to cut the Queen off from Wales, had taken control of the bridges across the River Severn. 
  May 4  The Battle of Tewkesbury Battle of Tewkesbury
   The Yorkists led by Edward and Richard met the Lancastrians at Tewkesbury. Richard was able to outflank the Lancastrians led by Edmund Beaufort, the self-proclaimed Duke of Somerset. Once Somerset's men had been dealt with, Richard attacked the rear of the Lancastrian line which broke apart and fled. Many of the Lancastrian leaders were caught and killed including Edward the Prince of Wales. Margaret of Anjou was also captured. 
       Edward (Prince of Wales, son of Richard III) Born: Dec 1473 Died: 1484 
on of Richard III.
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Family Tree Details
Father:  Richard (III, King of England 1483-1485) (b.1452 - d.1485)
Mother:  Neville, Anne ( - d.1485) 
Edward (Prince of Wales, son of Richard III) (b.1473 - d.1484)
Mini Timeline

YearMonthDetailsEvent Location
1483  Sep 7  Richard's son becomes Prince of Wales
   A week of festivities preceded the investiture of Richard's son Edward.3 
1484  Apr  Prince Edward dies Middleham Castle
   Richard's only son died at Middleham Castle aged only eight. Anne was unable to have any more children and she would die in the following year. This left Richard with the problem of who should succeed him after his death. 
       Edward (The Black Prince) Born: 15 Jun 1330 Died: 8 Jun 1376 
dward, the Black Prince, was the eldest son of Edward III and Philippa of Hainault. The Black Prince would never become king himself as he died before his father but his son would become the next king of England as Richard II. The prince was born at the royal palace of Woodstock in June of 1330. He was given the title of Earl of Chester and was bestowed with the traditional title of Prince of Wales when he was 12 years old. When his father created the Order of the Garter in 1348 at Windsor Castle the prince was included as one of the founding knights. Edward took part in the Hundred Years War when he invaded French lands. His method of attack was known as a chevauchée which involved destroying villages, towns and farming land of the French King to reduce the taxes that the king could raise. It also caused panic and an exodus of refugees. Edward's most important achievement was his defeat and capture of the French King at the Battle of Poitiers in 1355. More detailed information can be found in the timeline below.
 See Also

Family Tree Details
Father:  EDWARD (III, King of England 1327-1377) (b.1312 - d.1377)
Mother:  Philippa (of Hainault) ( - d.1369) 
Edward (The Black Prince) (b.1330 - d.1376)
     +Joan (of Kent) ( - d.1385)
          =RICHARD (II, King of England 1377-1399) (b.1367 - d.1400)
               +Anne (of Bohemia) ( - d.1394)
               +Isabella (of France, Wife of Richard II)
Mini Timeline

YearMonthDetailsEvent Location
1329    Edward agrees to do homage to Philippe
   Edward III agreed to do homage to Philippe of Valois for the lands he held in Aquitaine. Edward did not place his hands between Philippe's, a sign of total loyalty which would have been hard to go against, as Edward was unhappy about Philippe's claim to the French throne. Edward was hoping diplomatic endeavours would help his position and wanted Philippe's daughter Joan to marry his first son Edward the Black Prince. 4 
1330  Jun 15  Edward (the Black Prince) is born Woodstock
   Edward was born at the royal manor of Woodstock.5 
1333  Mar 18  Earl of Chester Chester
   Edward (the Black Prince) was given the title Earl of Chester on this day.5 
1337    1st Duke of Cornwall
   Edward, the Black Prince, was given the title Duke of Cornwall by his father Edward III. The estate was created at this time is order to provide an annual income for the Prince and for future eldest sons of the monarch.6 
1342  Oct  Edward and Brittany
   Edward sailed to Brittany to assist English troops already there. They were supporting Jean de Montfort's claim to be the Duke of Brittany. Philippe, king of France, disputed this claim and supported his own contender to the title. Edward left his eldest son in charge of England while he was away.5 
1343  May 12  The Black Prince becomes Prince of Wales
   Edward, the Black Prince, was bestowed with the title of Prince of Wales by his father Edward III at a ceremony at Westminster.5 
1348    Founding of the Order of the Garter
   King Edward III of England established the Order of the Garter, the first English order of knighthood. Based on the Knights of the Round Table and King Arthur. The name of the order is supposed to have originated when Edward III picked up a garter that had been lost on the dance floor during a banquet. Edward tied the garter around his own leg telling all present not to pass judgement. The garter may have belonged to the beautiful Joan of Kent. Joan was later to marry Edward's son, the Black Prince. 
  Apr 23  Creation of the Order of the Garter Windsor Castle
   On St. George's Day at Windsor Castle, the Order of the Garter was created. The initial Knights of the Order were: The King (Edward III); the Prince of Wales (The Black Prince); Henry, Earl (afterwards Duke) of Lancaster; Thomas Beauchamp, 3rd Earl of Warwick; the Captal of Buch; Ralph, Lord Stafford; Motacute, Earl of Salisbury; Sir Roger Mortimer; Sir John (afterward Lord) Lisle; Sir Bartholomew (afterwards Lord) Burghershe; Sir John Beauchamp; Lord Mohun; Sir Hugh Courtenay; Sir Thomas Holland; Lord Grey; Sir Richard FitzSimon; Sir Myles Stapleton; Sir Thomas Wales; Sir Hugh Wrottesley; Sir Neel Loryng; Sir John Chandos; Sir James Audley; Sir Otho Holland; Sir Henry Eam; Sir Sanchete d'Ambrichecourt; and Sir Walter Paveley.7 
1350  Aug  Edward III attacks the Spanish fleet
   The Spanish fleet was returning from Sluys where it had stayed over winter. Edward had taken his time and prepared an English fleet that could attack the Spanish boats as they came back down the English Channel. The two fleets met off the south coast near Winchelsea. Fierce hand-to-hand fighting took place as the ships, using grappling hooks, came together. Both Edward III and his son the Black Prince took part in the battle and defeated the Spanish.5 
1355  Oct  The Black Prince starts his chevauchée Bordeaux, France
   Edward the Black Prince set out from Bordeaux at the start of a chevauchée into lands held by King John of France. Chevauchée was a medieval term for a process destroying the towns, villages and land of an enemy lord in an attempt to reduce the wealth that the lord could extract and put to use in going to war. It also caused panic in the local population and an exodus of refugees.5 
1356  Sep 17  English and French armies meet
   On Saturday 17th of September while the Black Prince was moving his army to English owned city of Bordeaux the English and French armies finally came across each other near Poitiers. Edward moved his army into a defensive position protected by hedges on three sides and a narrow lane on the fourth. 
  Sep 18  Papal mission
   On the Sunday a Cardinal attempted to get the English prince and French king to agree a truce, but the two leaders used the Sunday to rest their troops and prepare for the battle ahead. 
  Sep 19  Battle of Poitiers
   On Monday the 19th of September the battle of Poitiers took place. Even though the English army was outnumbered the Black Prince used superior tactics in the battle and defeated the French without suffering many losses. John, the French King, was captured along with many other French nobles and taken to Bordeaux.  
1357  Mar  Truce with France
   On behalf of the King of England, Edward, the Black Prince arranged a two year truce with John, the King of France at Bordeaux. 
  Apr  John brought to England
   The Black Prince with the French king and many other prisoners began the journey from France to England. Once back in England these nobles were ransomed for large amounts of money. 
1358  Apr 23  A Splendid Tournament at Windsor Windsor Castle
   To celebrate St. George's day Edward III held a large tournament at Windsor Castle. Edward, the Black Prince, oversaw the proceedings in which kings and nobles from all over Europe were given safe passage to take part in. 
1360  May  Treaty of Bretigny Calais, France
   The treaty of Bretigny brought a period of peace for nine years during the Hundred Years War. The treaty was arranged between the Black Prince and the dauphin (later Charles V of France) before being approved by Edward III of England and King John of France. As part of the treaty Edward was given control of the areas of Gascony, Calais and Ponthieu as long as he agreed to give up his claim for the French throne. King John, currently being held hostage in England, was to be released on condition of a payment of 3 million gold crowns to by paid in instalments. 
1362  Jul  The Black Prince is given Gascony
   Edward III transferred control of Gascony to his eldest son, the Black Prince. Edward the Black Prince had just married Joan of Kent at Windsor and together they created a magnificent court in Bordeaux. 
1363    Construction of the Chantry Chapel at Canterbury Canterbury Cathedral
   The Black Prince organised the construction of the Chantry Chapel at Canterbury Cathedral and he expressed the wish to be buried there. 
1367  Apr 3  Battle of Nájera in Spain
   Edward the Black Prince went to assist Peter the Cruel, King of Castile, who had been driven from his throne by Henry Trastamara. With a combined army of English, Gascons, Navarrese and Castilians the Black Prince won a battle to put Peter back on the thrown. The victory at Nájera also brought the Castilian fleet under control which had been fighting on the side of the French when Trastamara was in power. Peter was later overthrown and the fleet again started fighting on the French side.  
1370  Aug  The French reclaim Limoges Limoges, France
   French forces led by the Duke of Berry retook the town of Limoges.5 
  Sep 18  Limoges falls to the Black Prince Limoges, France
   Edward, the Black Prince, used miners to undermine the section of the town that did not surrender to the English. The walls were brought down and those who had not surrendered were executed. This included women and children.5 
1376  Jun  Death of the Black Prince
   Heir to the English throne, the Black Prince died. His son Richard would become the next king of England as Richard II. 
1377  Jun 21  Edward III Dies
   Edward III, the King of England died in June 1377. One year earlier Edward's eldest son and heir to the throne, Edward the Black Prince died. Richard, the son of the Black Prince, was proclaimed heir to the throne. King Edward was ill for some time before his death, and John of Gaunt another of Edward's sons took the affairs of the nation under his control.8 
  Jun 23  Richard II becomes king
   Richard, the son of Edward the Black Prince, and grandson of Edward III, became king. 
1397    Wilton Diptych painted Canterbury Cathedral
   A series of miniature images painted on the side of the Black Prince's tomb in Canterbury Cathedral. 
       Edward (The Exile) Born: 1016 Died: 1057 
dward was the son of Edmund II (Ironside), king of England. When Edmund died and Canute became king in 1016, Edward fled to Hungary where he married into the country's ruling family. In 1053 Edward was invited back to England by (Harold Godwinson / Edward the Confessor ?) with his three children. Edward the Confessor had no children and Edward the Exile had an excellent claim to the English throne if the king died. Edward the Exile died shortly after arriving back in England in 1057. His death is a mystery, but may have been arranged by Harold Godwinson who was to benefit from the heir the throne's death. Edward's children including his eldest son, Edgar the Aethling were brought up by Edward the Confessor, and Edgar was nominated as heir to the English throne.
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Family Tree Details
Father:  EDMUND (II Ironside, King of the English 1016) (b.981 - d.1016)
Mother:  Ealdgyth (b.963 - d.1017) 
Edward (The Exile) (b.1016 - d.1057)
     +Agatha (of Brunswick)
          =Edgar (The Aetheling) ( - d.1126)
          =Margaret (St. Margaret of Scotland) ( - d.1093)
               +Malcolm (III, Scottish King 1058-1093) ( - d.1093)
                    =Edgar (King of Scotland 1097-1107) ( - d.1107)
                    =Alexander (I, King of Scotland 1107-1124) (b.1077 - d.1124)
                    =David (I, King of Scotland 1124-1153) (b.1085 - d.1153)
                    |    +Matilda (Wife of David I)
                    |         =Henry (Earl of Huntingdon) ( - d.1152)
                    =Matilda Edith (of Scotland)
                    |    +Plantagenet, Henry (I, King of England 1100-1135) (b.1068 - d.1135)
                    |         =William (Adelin) (b.1103 - d.1120)
                    |         =Matilda (Daughter of Henry I) (b.1102 - d.1167)
                    =Mary (Daughter of Malcolm III)
Mini Timeline

YearMonthDetailsEvent Location
1053    Edward the Exile invited to England
   Harold Godwinson invited the exiled Edward the Exile back to England in the hope that he could claim the English throne from Edward the Confessor. 
1057    Edward (the Exile) dies
   Edward the Exile died in mysterious circumstances. Edward was the rightful heir the throne of England and Harold, Earl of Wessex benefited from Edward's death. 
       Egbert (King of Wessex 802-839) Died: 839 
ing of Wessex area of Britain from 802 to 839.
 See Also
Mini Timeline

YearMonthDetailsEvent Location
832    The rise of Wessex Battle of Wilton
   Egbert, the king of Wessex, defeated Beornwulf, the king of Mercia at Wilton to establist the power of the area of Wessex.9 
836    Viking invade Devon Carhampton
   A fleet of possibly 35 ships landed a Viking army in Devon. Egbert fought the Vikings at Carhampton but was defeated by the invaders.10 
837    Battle of Hingston Down Hingston Down
   A Viking raiding party assisted by local Cornish men was defeated by Egbert of Wessex. 
839    Ethulwulf becomes king of Wessex
   Egbert was followed by his son Ethulwulf as King of Wessex. 
       Eleanor (of Aquitaine) Born: 1122 Died: 1204 
leanor of Aquitaine was the wife of the English King Henry II. Initially she had married the French king Louis VII. The marriage was arranged, as many noble marriages were in medieval times, to forge a relationship between France and Aquitaine. When Louis went on crusade in 1147 Eleanor went with him. In Antioch, in 1148, Eleanor met and had an affair with her uncle, Raymond of Poitiers. After the crusade Louis wanted his marriage to Eleanor ended, but he was advised not to end the marriage by his advisor the Abbot Suger, who thought the divorce would damage relationships with Aquitaine. When Abbot Suger died in 1152 Louis had the marriage annulled. More in the timeline below.
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Family Tree Details
Eleanor (of Aquitaine) (b.1122 - d.1204)
     +Louis (VII, The Young, King of France, 1137-1180) (b.1121 - d.1180)
     |    =Mary (of Champagne) (b.1145 - )
     |    =Alice (Daughter of Eleanor of Aquitaine) (b.1150 - )
     +Henry (II, King of England 1154-1189) (b.1133 - d.1189)
          =William (b.1153 - d.1156)
          =Henry ('the Young King') (b.1155 - d.1183)
          |    +Margaret (Young Queen of England) (b.1158 - d.1197)
          =Matilda (b.1156 - d.1189)
          |    +Henry (Duke of Saxony)
          |         =Otto (IV, Roman Emperor) (b.1182 - d.1218)
          =Richard (I, King of England 1189-1199) (b.1157 - d.1199)
          |    +Berengaria (of Navarre, Queen of England)
          =Geoffrey (b.1158 - d.1186)
          |    +Constance (of Brittany)
          |         =Arthur (of Brittany) (b.1187 - d.1204)
          |         =Eleanor (Grand-daughter of Henry II) ( - d.1241)
          =Eleanor (of England) (b.1162 - d.1214)
          |    +Alfonso (King of Castile)
          |         =Blanche (of Castile) (b.1188 - d.1252)
          |              +Louis (VIII, The Lion, King of France 1223-1226)
          |                   =LOUIS (IX, King of France, St. Louis) ( - d.1270)
          =Joan (of England, Queen of Sicily) (b.1165 - d.1199)
          |    +William (II, King of Sicily)
          |    +Raymond (VI, Count of Toulouse)
          |         =Raymond (VII, Count of Toulouse)
          =JOHN (King of England 1199-1216) (b.1167 - d.1216)
               +Isabella of Gloucester ( - d.1217)
               +Isabella (of Angouleme)
                    =HENRY (III, King of England 1216-1272) (b.1207 - d.1272)
                    |    +Eleanor (of Provence)
                    |         =EDWARD (I, King of England 1272-1307) (b.1239 - d.1307)
                    |         =Edmund (Earl of Lancaster) ( - d.1296)
                    |         =Margaret ( - d.1275)
                    |         =Beatrice ( - d.1275)
                    =Richard (Earl of Cornwall) (b.1209 - d.1272)
                    =Joan (Daughter of King John) (b.1210 - d.1238)
                    |    +Alexander (II, King of Scotland 1198-1249) (b.1198 - d.1249)
                    =Isabelle (b.1214 - d.1241)
                    =Eleanor (Daughter of King John) (b.1215 - d.1275)
                         +Marshal, William (the younger)
                         +Montfort, Simon de ( - d.1265)
                              =Montfort, Henry de ( - d.1265)
Mini Timeline

YearMonthDetailsEvent Location
1146  Mar 31  Sermon at Vézelay Vezelay, France
   St. Bernard's sermon at Vézelay so moved Eleanor of Aquitaine that she vowed to go on Crusade. 
1147  Jun  Louis VII joins the Crusade
   Declaring Abbot Suger regent of France, Louis VII and Eleanor began their Crusade. 
1152  Mar 11  Divorce of Louis VII and Eleanor
   The marriage of King Louis VII of France and his wife Eleanor of Aquitaine was annulled. The reason for the divorce was given as consanguinity which means both Louis and Eleanor shared a common ancestor but the marriage had never been a happy one and Eleanor had been accused of adultery while accompanying Louis on crusade to the Holy Land in 1149.11 
  May  Henry marries Eleanor
   Only two months after Eleanor of Aquitaine's marriage to Louis VII, king of France was annulled, she married Henry of Anjou - future king of England - Henry II.12 
1154  Spring  Henry returns to Normandy Rouen, France
   A triumphant Henry returned to Rouen in Normandy to a warm reception from his family including Eleanor and his eight month old son William.13 
  Dec 19  Henry crowned at Westminster Abbey Westminster Abbey
   Henry of Normandy crowned Henry II of England, and Eleanor of Aquitaine crowned Queen, at Westminster.
14 
1155  Feb 28  Henry the Young King is born London
   Eleanor gave birth to Henry at Bermondsey Palace in London.9 
  Spring  Repairs to Westminster Palace Palace of Westminster
   The Palace at Westminster had been badly damaged by Stephen's supporters at the time of the Anarchy and it had become unfit as a Royal residence. Thomas Becket was given the task of repairing the buildings and by the summer of the same year Eleanor was able to move in.9 
1158  Sep 23  Birth of Geoffrey Plantagenet
   Birth of Geoffrey Plantagenet.14 
1162    Eleanor gives birth in Rouen Rouen, France
   Eleanor of Aquitaine gave birth to a daughter at Rouen. The girl was named Eleanor after he mother.11 
1165    Eleanor moves back to Aquitaine
   Henry II and Eleanor's marriage is effectively ended when she moves back to Aquitaine leaving Henry to rebuild England after the civil war in Stephen's reign.12 
1202  Aug 1  Battle of Mirabeau
   Arthur of Brittany and the Lusignans had laid siege to Mirabeau Castle trapping Eleanor of Aquitaine inside. King John launched a rescue mission to free her. Arthur was captured by William de Braose and was handed over to King John. Many other important knights were also captured and it was an important and famous victory for the English king. Those that were captured were treated badly by King John. He could have ransomed them for their freedom and made a lot of money, instead he kept them prisoner locked in dungeons. Some he had shipped to England and imprisoned. Arthur was sent to the dungeon in the castle at Falaise in Normandy. 
1204  Apr 1  Death of Eleanor of Aquitaine
   Eleanor, Henry II's wife and John's mother died.15 
       Eleanor (of Castile) Born: 1241 Died: 1290 
leanor, the daughter of Joan of Ponthieu and Ferdinand III of Castile, married Edward (I) the heir to the English throne. Both Edward and Eleanor were descended from Henry II. Henry was Edward's great-grandfather while Henry was Eleanor's great-great-grandfather.
 See Also

Family Tree Details
Eleanor (of Castile) (b.1241 - d.1290)
     +EDWARD (I, King of England 1272-1307) (b.1239 - d.1307)
          =Katherine (Daughter of Edward I) (b.1264 - )
          =John (Son of Edward I) (b.1266 - d.1271)
          =Henry (Son of Edward I) (b.1268 - d.1274)
          =Eleanor (Daughter of Edward I) (b.1269 - d.1298)
          =Joan (daughter of Edward I) (b.1271 - )
          =Alfonso (Son of Edward I) (b.1275 - )
          =Margaret (b.1275 - d.1318)
          =Mary (Daughter of Edward I) (b.1279 - )
          =Elizabeth (b.1282 - d.1316)
          =EDWARD (II, King of England 1307-1327) (b.1284 - d.1327)
               +Isabella (of France, Wife of Edward II, she-wolf of France) ( - d.1358)
                    =EDWARD (III, King of England 1327-1377) (b.1312 - d.1377)
                    |    +Philippa (of Hainault) ( - d.1369)
                    |         =Edward (The Black Prince) (b.1330 - d.1376)
                    |         =Isabella (Daughter of Edward III) ( - d.1382)
                    |         =Joan (Daughter of Edward III) ( - d.1348)
                    |         =William (Son of Edward III)
                    |         =Lionel (of Antwerp, Duke of Clarence) ( - d.1368)
                    |         =John (of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster) ( - d.1399)
                    |         =Edmund (of Langley, Duke of York) ( - d.1402)
                    |         =Mary (Daughter of Edward III) ( - d.1362)
                    |         =Margaret (Daughter of Edward III) ( - d.1361)
                    |         =Thomas (of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester) ( - d.1397)
                    =John (Earl of Cornwall) ( - d.1336)
                    =Joan (Daughter of Edward II)
                    |    +David (II, King of the Scots 1329-1371) ( - d.1371)
                    =Eleanor (Daughter of Edward II)
                         +Reginald (Duke of Guelderland)
Mini Timeline

YearMonthDetailsEvent Location
1254    Edward marries Portsmouth
   Edward (I) at the age of fifteen travels from Portsmouth with his mother and the Archbishop of Canterbury to marry Eleanor of Castile the half-sister of the King Alfonso X of Castile. Both Edward and Eleanor are descended from Henry II.16 
1255  Oct  Edward and Eleanor return to England Dover Castle
   After the marriage at a Cistercian convent in Castile, Edward and Eleanor returned via Dover to England. Eleanor lived initially at Windsor Castle. 
1263  Feb  Edward returns to England
   Edward and his wife returned to England17 
1277  Aug 13  Vale Royal Abbey foundation stone laid Vale Royal Abbey
   Edward and his wife Eleanor of Castile laid the foundation stone of the Cistercian Abbey of Vale Royal in Cheshire.17 
1282  Aug  Feudal levy gather at Rhuddlan Rhuddlan Castle
   King Edward had called for the feudal army to gather at Rhuddlan in August to put down the Welsh revolt. Edward and Eleanor's daughter Elizabeth was born at Rhuddlan at this time.18 
1284  Apr 25  Edward (II) is born Caernarvon Castle
   Edward, the future king of England was born at Caernarvon Castle on the 25th April, 1284. His father was Edward I and his mother was Eleanor of Castile. The castle was probably still under construction as work on it had only begun the year before. 
1289  Aug  Edward returns to England
   Edward and Eleanor return to England after a three year visit to their foreign domains. 
1290  Nov 28  Eleanor of Castile dies
   Eleanor of Castile, the wife of Edward I died while travelling in the North with the King. Eleanor had been suffering with illness for some time and the cold and damp of the Winter months probably aggravated her condition.17 
  Dec  The 'Eleanor Crosses'
   As Edward travelled with the body of his wife Eleanor from Harby near Lincoln where the Queen died to Westminster a series of crosses were later erected at each location that the body rested over night.17 
       Elizabeth (of York) Died: 1503 
aughter of Edward IV and wife of Henry VII.

Family Tree Details
Father:  Edward (IV, Earl of March and King of England 1461-1470, 1471-1483) (b.1442 - d.1483)
Mother:  Woodville, Elizabeth ( - d.1492) 
Elizabeth (of York) ( - d.1503)
     +Henry (VII, King of England 1485-1509) (b.1457 - d.1509)
          =Arthur (Son of Henry VII) (b.1486 - d.1502)
          |    +Catherine (of Aragon) (b.1485 - d.1536)
          =Margaret (Tudor, Daughter of Henry VII) (b.1489 - d.1541)
          |    +James (IV King of Scotland 1488-1513) (b.1473 - d.1513)
          |    |    =James (V, King of Scotland 1513-1542) (b.1512 - d.1542)
          |    |         +Mary (of Guise) ( - d.1560)
          |    |         |    =Mary (Stuart, Queen of Scotland) (b.1542 - d.1587)
          |    |         +Erskine, Margaret (Lady)
          |    |              =Stewart, James (1st Earl of Moray) (b.1531 - d.1570)
          |    +Douglas, Archibald (Earl of Angus) ( - d.1557)
          |         =Douglas, Margaret ( - d.1578)
          |              +Stewart, Matthew (Earl of Lennox) ( - d.1571)
          |                   =Henry (Lord Darnley) (b.1546 - d.1567)
          |                   =Stewart, Charles (Earl of Lennox) ( - d.1576)
          =HENRY (VIII, King of England 1509-1547) (b.1491 - d.1547)
          |    +Catherine (of Aragon) (b.1485 - d.1536)
          |    |    =Mary (I, Queen of England 1553-1558, Bloody Mary) (b.1516 - d.1558)
          |    |         +Philip (II, King of Spain) (b.1527 - d.1598)
          |    +Boleyn, Anne ( - d.1536)
          |    |    =Elizabeth (I, Queen of England 1558-1603) (b.1533 - d.1603)
          |    +Seymour, Jane ( - d.1537)
          |    |    =Edward (VI, King of England 1547-1553) (b.1537 - d.1553)
          |    +Anne (of Cleves) (b.1515 - d.1557)
          |    +Howard, Catherine
          |    +Parr, Catherine
          =Mary (Daughter of Henry VII) (b.1495 - d.1533)
               +Louis (XII, King of France) ( - d.1515)
               +Brandon, Charles (Duke of Suffolk) (b.1485 - d.1545)
                    =Frances (Lady)
                    |    +Grey, Henry (Duke of Suffolk) ( - d.1554)
                    |         =Grey, Jane (Lady) (b.1537 - d.1554)
                    |         =Grey, Catherine (Lady)
                    =Clifford, Eleanor (Lady) ( - d.1547)
Mini Timeline

YearMonthDetailsEvent Location
1466  Feb 11  Birth of Edward IV's first daughter
   First daughter, Elizabeth, born to Edward IV and Elizabeth; a second daughter, Mary, was born 11.8.1467.
14 
1486  Jan 18  Henry VII married Elizabeth Westminster Abbey
   Henry married Elizabeth, the daughter of Edward IV, at Westminster Abbey. 
1488  Nov 25  Queen Elizabeth is crowned
   Elizabeth of York was crowned. This could have been in 1487.19 
1489  Nov  Birth of Margaret
   Henry VII's and Elizabeth's second child was born.20 
1491  Jun 28  Henry (VIII) born Greenwich Palace
   The future king of England Henry VIII was born at Greenwich Palace. He was the third child of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. 
1503  Feb  Elizabeth of York dies
   Elizabeth, Henry VII's wife died in childbirth. 
       Ermentrude  
irst wife of Fulk V of Anjou. Grandmother of Henry II, the King of England.
 See Also

Family Tree Details
Ermentrude
     +Fulk (V, of Anjou) ( - d.1143)
          =Geoffrey (Plantagenet, 'The Fair', Count of Anjou) ( - d.1151)
          |    +Matilda (Daughter of Henry I) (b.1102 - d.1167)
          |         =Henry (II, King of England 1154-1189) (b.1133 - d.1189)
          |         |    +Eleanor (of Aquitaine) (b.1122 - d.1204)
          |         |    |    =William (b.1153 - d.1156)
          |         |    |    =Henry ('the Young King') (b.1155 - d.1183)
          |         |    |    =Matilda (b.1156 - d.1189)
          |         |    |    =Richard (I, King of England 1189-1199) (b.1157 - d.1199)
          |         |    |    =Geoffrey (b.1158 - d.1186)
          |         |    |    =Eleanor (of England) (b.1162 - d.1214)
          |         |    |    =Joan (of England, Queen of Sicily) (b.1165 - d.1199)
          |         |    |    =JOHN (King of England 1199-1216) (b.1167 - d.1216)
          |         |    +Illegitimate
          |         |         =Plantagenet, Geoffrey (Archbishop of York)
          |         |         =Longsword, William
          |         =Geoffrey (VI of Anjou)
          |         =William (Count of Paitin) (b.1136 - d.1164)
          =Matilda (daughter of Fulk V)
          =Sybil (of Anjou)
       Erskine, Margaret (Lady)  
istress of James V, King of Scotland. James V and Margaret Erskine had a son also called James.

Family Tree Details
Erskine, Margaret (Lady)
     +James (V, King of Scotland 1513-1542) (b.1512 - d.1542)
          =Stewart, James (1st Earl of Moray) (b.1531 - d.1570)
       Estrithson, Sweyn (King of Denmark (1047-1075/6))  
ecame King of Denmark after the death of King Magnus of Norway in 1047.
 See Also
Mini Timeline

YearMonthDetailsEvent Location
1069    Danish fought off at Sandwich Sandwich Bay
   An attack by a Danish invasion fleet led by Sweyn Estrithson of Denmark was fought off by a garrison stationed at a castle at Sandwich. Sandwich was an important port on the south coast. The location has now been found and the site is being investigated.21 
       Eustace (II, Count of Boulogne) Died: 1093 
ustace of Boulogne married Godgifu the daughter of Aethelred the Unready and sister of Edward the Confessor.
 See Also

Family Tree Details
Eustace (II, Count of Boulogne) ( - d.1093)
     +Godgifu (Daughter of Aethelred)
Mini Timeline

YearMonthDetailsEvent Location
1051    Edward expels the Godwine family Dover
   An incident occurred when Eustace II Count of Boulogne visited Edward the Confessor, his brother-in-law. The incident occurred in Dover where a fight broke out between the Norman visitors and the locals. Several people were killed. The area of Dover was under the control of the Godwine family and Edward the Confessor, who blamed the people of Dover for the fight, told Godwine to deal with them. Godwine refused to obey Edward's order and in response Edward raised an army and forced the Godwine family into exile. 
       Eustace (IV, Count of Boulogne) Died: 17 Aug 1153 
ustace was the son of Stephen of Blois, King of England. King Stephen tried to ensure Eustace would become king after his death but the throne of England went to Henry II instead.
 See Also

Family Tree Details
Father:  Stephen (of Blois, king of England 1135-1154) (b.1100 - d.1154)
Mother:  Matilda (of Boulogne) ( - d.1152) 
Eustace (IV, Count of Boulogne) ( - d.1153)
Mini Timeline

YearMonthDetailsEvent Location
1137  Apr  Stephen goes to Normandy
   King Stephen sailed to Normandy to confront Geoffrey Plantagenet, count of Anjou and the Angevins who were attacking the southern areas of Normandy. Although Stephen had come success he was not able to deal fully with the count. Stephen did come to an agreement with the French King Louis VII and Eustace, Stephen's son, paid homage to the French king for Normandy.11 
1152  Apr 6  Theobald refuses to crown Eustace
   King Stephen had several lords swear to have Eustace, his son, as the next king of England. Theobald the Archbishop of Canterbury, who had to accept as well, refused to crown Eustace favouring Henry II's claim to the throne instead. 
  Qtr 3  Henry defends his position
   After marrying Eleanor Henry came under attack by Louis, Eleanor's previous husband, who did not recognise Henry as the new Duke of Aquitaine. Stephen sent troops and his son Eustace to help Louis against Henry. Henry's younger brother, Geoffrey, was also not happy with the situation and joined the quarrels. Henry moved quickly attacking Louis and capturing Geoffrey to secure his position as Duke. 
1153  Aug 17  Stephen's son Eustace dies Bury St. Edmunds Abbey
   Eustace wanted to continue the fight against Henry and had started attacking areas around Cambridge and East Anglia. He ransacked the Abbey at Bury St. Edmunds but died very shortly afterwards from a sudden illness.  
Selection of references used:

1. David Bates, William the Conqueror, 0-540-01175-4
2. Paul Murray Kendall, Richard The Third, ISBN 0 04 942048 8
3. Anthony Cheetham, Life and times of Richard III, 0-297-83167-4
4. John Harvey, The Black Prince and his age, 0 7134 3148 2
5. Hubert Cole, The Black Prince, 1976, 0 246 10778 2
6. David Green, The Black Prince
7. E.B.D'Auvergne, The English Castles, 1926
8. Michael Senior, The Life and Times of Richard II, 1981
9. John Timbs & Alexander Gunn, Abbeys, Castles and Ancient Halls of England & Wales (North), 1872
10. Richard Humble, The Fall of Saxon England
11. The Plantagenet Chronicles, 1-85501-685-0
12. John Harvey, The Plantagenets
13. Mike Salter, Castles and Moated Castles of Warwickshire
14. Peter Potter, Data Donation
15. Maurice Ashley, The Life and Times of King John
16. John Chancellor, The Life and Times of Edward I, 1981
17. Jean Powie, Eleanor of Castile, 0 947731 79 2
18. Kenneth H.Vickers, England in the Later Middle Ages, 1921
19. S.B.Chrimes, Henry VII, 1972, 0 413 38400 4
20. Alison Plowden, The House of Tudor, 1976, 0 7509 1890 X
21. Derek Renn, Norman Castles, 1968

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