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13 Nov 1093

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Malcolm (III, Scottish King 1058-1093)

Mael Coluim mac Donnchada or more commonly known as Malcolm III. Malcolm was the son of Duncan I, king of the Scots and spent most of his youth in exile at the court of Edward the Confessor after Duncan was killed by Macbeth in 1040. Several attempts were made to put Malcolm on the Scottish throne but it was not until 1057 that Malcolm killed Macbeth at Lumphanan in Aberdeenshire and then killed Macbeth's stepson Lulach some months later to become King of the Scots. Malcolm reigned from 1058 until 1093 and was known as Malcolm Canmore meaning 'large head', 'bighead' or 'big chief'. In 1068 Edgar the Aetheling arrived at Malcolm's court along with his sister Margaret. Edgar had rebelled against William the Conqueror and had been forced to find safety. Malcolm was happy to assist Edgar and other Lords in their attempts to take land back from the Normans. Malcolm married Edgar's sister Margaret who had deep religious beliefs and who influenced him greatly. In 1093, While supporting Edgar in the north of England, Malcolm and his son Edward were killed near Alnwick. Malcolm was succeeded by his brother Donald.

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Episode: Norman Conquest

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Family Tree Details

Father:	Duncan (I, Scottish king) ( - d.1040)
Mother:	Sybilla

Malcolm (III, Scottish King 1058-1093) ( - d.1093)
         +Ingibjorg
         |        =Duncan (II, Scottish King 1094) ( - d.1094)
         +Margaret (St. Margaret of Scotland) ( - d.1093)
                  =Edgar (King of Scotland 1097-1107) ( - d.1107)
                  =Alexander (I, King of Scotland 1107-1124) (b.1077 - d.1124)
                  |        +Sybilla (of Normandy) (b.1092 - d.1122)
                  =David (I, King of Scotland 1124-1153) (b.1085 - d.1153)
                  |        +Matilda (Wife of David I)
                  |                 =Henry (Earl of Huntingdon) ( - d.1152)
                  |                          +de Warenne, Ada
                  |                                   =Malcolm (IV, Scottish King 1153-1165) (b.1142 - d.1165)
                  |                                   =William (I, the Lion, King of Scotland 1165-1214) ( - d.1214)
                  |                                   |        +Beaumont, Ermengarde de ( - d.1233)
                  |                                   |                 =Alexander (II, King of Scotland 1198-1249) (b.1198 - d.1249)
                  |                                   |                 =Margaret (Daughter of William I of Scotland) ( - d.1259)
                  |                                   |                 =Isabella (Daughter of William I of Scotland)
                  |                                   |                 =Marjorie (Daughter of William I of Scotland) ( - d.1244)
                  |                                   =David (Earl of Huntingdon) ( - d.1219)
                  =Matilda Edith (of Scotland)
                  |        +Plantagenet, Henry (I, King of England 1100-1135) (b.1068 - d.1135)
                  |                 =William (Adelin) (b.1103 - d.1120)
                  |                 =Matilda (Daughter of Henry I) (b.1102 - d.1167)
                  |                          +Geoffrey (Plantagenet, 'The Fair', Count of Anjou) ( - d.1151)
                  |                          |        =Henry (II, King of England 1154-1189) (b.1133 - d.1189)
                  |                          |        |        +Eleanor (of Aquitaine) (b.1122 - d.1204)
                  |                          |        |        |        =William (b.1153 - d.1156)
                  |                          |        |        |        =Henry ('the Young King') (b.1155 - d.1183)
                  |                          |        |        |        =Matilda (b.1156 - d.1189)
                  |                          |        |        |        =Richard (I, King of England 1189-1199) (b.1157 - d.1199)
                  |                          |        |        |        =Geoffrey (b.1158 - d.1186)
                  |                          |        |        |        =Eleanor (of England) (b.1162 - d.1214)
                  |                          |        |        |        =Joan (of England, Queen of Sicily) (b.1165 - d.1199)
                  |                          |        |        |        =JOHN (King of England 1199-1216) (b.1167 - d.1216)
                  |                          |        |        +Illegitimate
                  |                          |        |                 =Plantagenet, Geoffrey (Archbishop of York)
                  |                          |        |                 =Longsword, William
                  |                          |        =Geoffrey (VI of Anjou)
                  |                          |        =William (Count of Paitin) (b.1136 - d.1164)
                  |                          +Henry (V of Germany)
                  =Mary (Daughter of Malcolm III)

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Mini Timeline (Ages are approximate)

1045		Crinan killed during uprising
		Crinan, the Abbot of Dunkfeld, led an uprising against Macbeth in an attempt to put his grandson Malcolm (III) on the Scottish throne. Malcolm was living at the court of Edward the Confessor at the time. Crinian was killed and the uprising failed.
1057	Aug	Macbeth is killed and Lulach becomes king
		Macbeth was killed by Malcolm III (Malcolm Canmore) who later became the King of Scotland. Macbeth was succeeded by his stepson Lulach who was crowned at Scone.
1058	Mar	Malcolm III becomes King of the Scots
		Malcolm had killed Macbeth at Lumphanan in Aberdeenshire. Macbeth's stepson Lulach was crowned king and reigned for four months until he too was killed at Strathbogie. Malcolm became King of the Scots and was crowned at Scone.¹
1068		Northern English move to Scotland
		Many of the northern English lords escaped to Scotland and the court of Malcolm III when it was clear that William had control of the country.
		Malcolm III marries Edgar's sister
		Edgar the Aetheling took refuge with Malcolm III in Scotland along with his sister Margaret. Malcolm and Margaret were married in the same year.
1070		Malcolm raids Northern England
		The Scottish king attacked towns in the north of England.
		Dunfermline Abbey founded
		The Abbey of Dunfermline was founded by Malcolm III, King of the Scots and his wife Margaret.
1072		Treaty of Abernethy
		Treaty between William the Conqueror and Malcolm III of Scotland. In this treaty Malcolm paid homage to William.
1091	Nov	William Rufus renews agreement with Scots
		William Rufus renewed the arrangement that his father had with Malcolm III, King of the Scots. This may have included letting Malcolm have some areas of northern England. Even so this did not prevent further attacks on England in the north by the Scots.¹
1093	Nov 13	Battle of Alnwick
		Malcolm III, the king of Scotland, and his son Edward were both killed at the battle of Alnwick in Northumberland. Malcolm had invaded England after William II had made moves to take more control over Cumbria and had fortified Carlisle.
	Nov 16	Death of Margaret of Scotland
		Margaret of Scotland died only days after her son and husband had been killed at Alnwick.