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S
Sable
A black colour used in heraldry (More...)
Sacristy
Safe storage for the church valuables
Saltire
Diagonal cross on a shield used in heraldry (More...)
Sanctuary
Location of the church to the east of the alter rails
Sap
To undermine a wall
See
Ecclesiastical area under control of a bishop
Sepulchre
A tomb
Shaft
the part between the capital and the base of a pillar but usually applied to the small columns clustered around pillars or found in the jambs of doors or windows
Shaft
The main part of a column
Shell Keep
A high circular or many sided keep built on top of a motte with domestic buildings inside
Shingle
Small tiles of wood used to cover a roof
Siege
The blockade of a castle or town to force the surrender of the occupants.
Siege tower
A timber tower sometimes with wheels that attackers used to reach the height of the castle
Sinister
The left side of the shield from the holders viewpoint. Shown on the right when looking at a shield design
Slight
To destroy a castle and make it useless
Slype
Covered walkway between transepts and chapter-house
Solar
The private living quarters of a Lord. Usually next to the great hall
Spandrel
Triangular space above the haunch of an arch
Spingald
War engine used for throwing large arrows. Similar to a ballista.
Spire
Conical construction on top of a tower
Stained Glass
The glass is stained with metallic oxides and painted afterwards with finer details
Stairs
Series of steps made of wood or stone giving access to different floors
Steeple
Combined spire and tower where there is no defined join
Strapwork
Ornament that imitates interlacing bands of leather
String-course
Band, sometimes projecting, of horizontal masonry
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T
Tabard
A tunic having no sleeves and open at the sides that is worn over the armour and decorated to show the wearer's faction
Tenant-in-chief
A lord who has been given land by a king
Tie-beam
Horizontal beam used to hold rafters from spreading
Tintures
Colours, metals and furs used in heraldry
Tracery
Ornamental stonework in a window
Transepts
Located to the north and south of the choir, providing extra chapels and useful for holding the central tower up
Transom
Horizontal division of a window
Trebuchet
Siege engine used to throw large objects
Triforium
The portion of the internal wall of a cathedral above the arcade and below the clerestory that fronts the area above aisles
Turret
A small tower
Tympanum
Space between the lintel of a doorway and an arch above it
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U
Undercroft
The crypt below the church
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