A fleet of Viking longships sailed up the River Seine heading for eastern France and new lands and cities to plunder, When they reached Paris the Vikings offered to spare the city if they were allowed free passage up the river. The river was blocked by bridges that crossed and prevented even the Viking ships passage. Their request was denied and so the Vikings laid siege to the city. The siege was broken when an army led by Emperor Charles the Fat arrived. Charles agreed to pay the Vikings off and allowed them passage past Paris to Burgundy which they plundered.

Edmund Ironside had gone to Wessex to accept the support of the people there as the new king of England but Canute had reached London and was besieging its inhabitants. The Londoners held out against Canute's attempts to defeat them while Edmund travelled back to help. Edmund's army grew as he advanced towards Canute. The English won a couple of battles forcing the Danes to retreat and regroup but the Danes won the important battle at Ashingdon.

The siege of Domfront, a stong stone castle in Angevin, ended when the garrison surrendered. The garrison feared the same punishment dealt out to defenders of Alençon by Duke William who showed them no mercy.

Harold's mother Gytha and her forces still had not submitted to William the Conqueror's rule. They refused to pay the taxes that William demanded and held out at Exeter until their defences were broken.

An army sent by Sweyn of Denmark landed in the north and captured York. Local rebels joined the Danes and attacked the two castles within the city.

Malcolm III, the king of Scotland, and his son Edward were both killed at the battle of Alnwick in Northumberland. Malcolm had invaded England after William II had made moves to take more control over Cumbria and had fortified Carlisle.

Matilda's forces were besieging a royalist held castle at Wolvesey near Winchester and were attacked and defeated by a royalist relief army.

Lisbon was being held by the Moors when Alphonso I, the first king of Portugal laid siege to the city. The king was assisted by crusaders from many different countries including Portugal, Germany and Flemish. Several attempts were made to move wooden belfries into position against the city walls but they were attacked and set alight by the Moors. The attackers had more success with mines constructed underneath the walls. Fires were lit under the walls and a breach occurred. Although the attackers were beaten back, the Moors finally surrendered in October when another belfry was constructed.

Oxford was besieged by King Stephen trapping Matilda inside the city. But just before Christmas Matilda managed to escape across the snow and ice of the frozen Thames dressed in white so that she would not be seen.

King Baldwin III laid siege to the port city of Ascalon. The city was surrounded and the only means of communications was by sea. Resupply was difficult by sea but the city had several wells to provide fresh water so the inhabitants were not easily pursuaded to surrender. The attackers built a tall tower near the walls so that they could fire over the defences into the streets. When the defenders set fire to the tower it collapsed taking part of the city walls with it allowing the Templars to enter the breach. But the knights were outnumbered and killed and the breach was repaired. The siege finally took its toll on the inhabitants and they agreed to surrender in return for safe passage.

Frederick Barbarossa laid siege to the important city in northern Italy in an attempt to bring the area under his control. The city fell within a month.

Barbarosa again laid siege to Milan. It took a year to before the city surrendered, and this time it was razed to the ground.

Jerusalem fell to the Muslims and the al-Asqu mosque was returned to Islam. The Muslims allowed four Christian Priests to hold services in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.

Under King Richard's command, the city of Acre is taken back by the Crusaders.

When King Richard left Jaffa Saladin took his army out of Jerusalem and attacked the city. After three days of assault the walls of Jaffa fell and the Moslems entered.

King Richard besieged the castle at Chalus where some treasure had been unearthed. Richard believed it was his and tried to take the castle.

King John's last visit to Odiham Castle was on April 14th, staying there for five days. In the middle of June Louis captured Winchester and marched to Odiham where a siege began. The small castle held out for several weeks and defied the French siege engines. Inside the castle were less than twenty men, a hand full of knights and ten sergeants. Finally on the 9th of July, they surrendered being assured they would retain their freedom, arms and horses.

Invited by the barons opposed to king John, Prince Louis of France landed in England to claim the English Throne. Louis captured Rochester Castle after a short siege.

Royalists besieged the French controlled Mountsorrel Castle in Lincolnshire. When Louis sent reinforcements to assist those in the castle the royalists moved away to Nottingham.

The garrison at Bedford Castle, belonging to the rebel Falkes de Breute, refused to surrender to the Crown. Falkes had been repeated summonsed to account for his refusal to comply with agreement and when he refused to appear before the King the castle was surrounded. The castle fell when the keep was undermined. The garrison, who had surrendered the castle, were all hung on the order of the Justiciar. Falkes was allowed to leave the country but he lost all his possessions in doing so. Bedford Castle was badly damaged as a result.

King Edward ordered his army to attack the badly fortified town of Berwick. Many Scots were killed in the two days of the attack and possibly somewhere between 7000 and 17000 men, women and children were slaughtered.

Edward began a siege of Stirling Castle.

Stirling castle was still under the control of English forces but was under siege from the Scots led by Edward Bruce.

After the defeat of their relief force at Halidon Hill the day before, the Scots holding out in Berwick had no option but surrender to the English and Edward III.

King Henry V's army landed on the north bank of the Seine estuary near to the town of Harfleur (now part of Le Havre). Henry organised the siege of the town and waited for it to fall. The town held out for five weeks in which time the English soldiers were starting to suffer from disease caught from their camps in the marshes. The people in the town were not doing much better and when it was clear that the town was not going to be rescued, the citizens surrendered. Henry treated the towns people with respect and let them leave.

Once in France, King Henry V appointed his brother the Duke of Clarence as Marshall of his army and together they advanced and laid siege to the city of Caen. Henry's attempt to storm and breach the walls failed, but his brother's attack on the other side of the walled city succeeded and the city fell to the English. It took several more days for the fortified castle within the city to be captured.

King Henry V of England was not troubled by any Burgundian attempts to stop his progress and by the end of July had begun the siege of the important city of Rouen. By December so many people in the besiged city of Rouen were starving that as many as 12,000 people were forced to leave. But King Henry refused to let them pass through the his lines and they remained stuck between the English and the walls of the city without food in the freezing weather. Many of them died. The city surrendered in the January of 1419.

After King Louis of France failed to turn over several towns to the Burgundians Charles the Bold attacked and took back some of them by force. But when he tried to capture Beauvais the defences were too strong. A siege was begun and some parts of the outer defences were destroyed but finally Charles withdrew his army and moved on.

Suleiman, the sultan of the Ottomans, attempted to capture Vienna and laid siege to the city. But the defences were too great and after two weeks Suleiman abandoned the siege due to heavy loses, illness and the weather.