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  3. Henry V - The Hundred Years War
Episode Details
Episode Details
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Henry V - The Hundred Years War

Henry V's first campaign in France in 1415

This map show the invasion route into France taken by Henry V in 1415.


Edward's castles in Wales

Episode Events
Episode Events

1414

...
Alien Priories confiscated
Alien priories were those in England who were dependant on usually French mother houses. During the Hundred Years War these priories were seen as a security risk. They also were a means of transferring much needed English money to France. A law was passed confiscating these priories. Many were transferred over to other religious orders.
Summer
Henry claims French territories
In 1414 France was in the midst of a civil war between the Burgundians and the Armagnacs. While Charles VI, the French king, had joined the Armagnacs, Henry V, the English King, saw an opportunity to reclaim lost lands in France and came in on the side of the Burgundians. Henry's plan was to invade France but he needed a good reason. He gave the French king a list of demands including the French throne, the restoration of the Angevin empire and the hand of the French king's daughter in marriage. If the demands were not be met Henry would go to war. Henry could claim the French throne through a claim first made by his great-grandfather Edward III that started the Hundred Years War.||In August of 1415, invasion plans were completed and Henry's army met at Portchester Castle where they boarded ships to take them across the English Channel to France.

1415

Spring
Preparations for war with France
As negotiations were underway in France, England was preparing for the invasion of France.
Aug 1
Plot to overthrow the King
Led by Richard Earl of Cambridge, Henry's cousin, a plot to assassinate the King and replace him with the Earl of March who was the true heir to the throne was hatched. The revolt brought together all the old enemies of Henry including Lord Scrope (Archbishop Scrope's nephew) and the Lollards. The Earl of March whose loyalties were with the king informed Henry of the plot the night before and the rebels were arrested. Several were executed.
Aug 11
Henry sails for France
Preparations for war were complete and Henry's army set sail from Southampton for the French coast.
Aug 16
English fleets lands in Normandy
Henry's army landed on the north bank of the Seine estuary near to the town of Harfleur (now part of Le Havre). Henry organised the siege of the town and waited for it to fall.
Sep 22
Harfleur falls to the English
The town held out for five weeks in which time the English soldiers were starting to suffer from disease caught from their camps in the marshes. The people in the town were not doing much better and when it was clear that the town was not going to be rescued, the citizens surrendered. Henry treated the towns people with respect and let them leave.
Oct 8
The march to Calais
Henry's plans for invading France had been dented by the time it took to capture Harfleur and the affect of disease on his men. He decided to move his men to Calais which was under English control.
Oct 19
Henry crosses the Somme
Henry's plan was to get across the Somme at its estuary where it was relatively easy to cross but he received word that the crossing was being guarded by the French. Henry had no other choice but to follow the west bank of the Somme south into French territory to find a suitable crossing point. His men were short of food as Henry had told them to take only a few day's supplies expecting them to reach Calais. Henry finally found a crossing point that was unguarded and his army crossed the Somme.
Oct 25
The Battle of Agincourt
The English army met the French army near the town of Agincourt. Although the English were outnumbered three to one, Henry used the local terrain to his advantage. The French cavalry were hit heavily by the English archers and French knights got bogged down in the wet fields. The French were defeated and Henry ordered that no prisoners should be taken apart from the extremely important knights who could be ransomed. The death toll amongst the French nobility was high.
Nov
Henry returns to England
After a few weeks recovering in Calais from their ordeal, Henry and the English army returned to England to a hero's welcome.

1416

...
Armagnac Fleet blockade Harfleur
A French fleet laid siege to Harfleur, the French port captured by Henry V, and attempted to get it back. Harfleur was defended by Thomas Beaufort, the earl of Exeter.
Aug 15
Harfleur rescued
An English fleet commanded by John Duke of Bedford attacked and defeated the French blockading the mouth of the Seine who were preventing supplies reaching the English held town of Harfleur. Bedford was the king's brother.

1417

Aug
Henry V lands in Normandy
King Henry began his second French campaign when he and his large army landed at Trouville on the north coast of Normandy.
Aug
Siege of Caen
Once in France, King Henry appointed his brother the Duke of Clarence as Marshall of his army and together they advanced and laid siege to the city of Caen. Henry's attempt to storm and breach the walls failed, but his brother's attack on the other side of the walled city succeeded and the city fell to the English. It took several more days for the fortified castle within the city to be captured.

1418

Jul
Siege of Rouen begins
King Henry was not troubled by any Burgundian attempts to stop his progress and by the end of July had begun the siege of the important city of Rouen.

1419

Jan 19
Rouen surrenders to Henry
The city of Rouen in Normandy surrendered to the English King after a siege of seven months. ¹

1420

May 21
Treaty of Troyes
In the Treaty of Troyes King Charles VI of France agreed that after his death King Henry V of England and his heirs would become the rulers of France. It was also agreed that the French king's daughter, Catherine of Valois would marry Henry. ¹

1421

Oct 6
Siege of Meaux begins
King Henry began the siege of the city of Meaux.

1422

May
Meaux falls to the English
The French town of Meaux finally fell to the English besiegers. This being Henry's last great victory against the French.
Oct 21
Charles VI of France dies
Charles VI of France died and was buried in the Saint Denis Basilica. Henry VI of England was proclaimed king of France and John Duke of Bedford was appointed regent. ¹

Event Participants and Locations

  • Henry (V, King of England 1413-1422)
  • Charles (VI, King of France 1380-1422)
  • Richard (Earl of Cambridge)
  • Mortimer, Edmund (5th Earl of March)
  • Beaufort, Thomas (Duke of Exeter)
  • John (of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford)
  • Thomas (Duke of Clarence)
  • Catherine (of Valois)
  • Henry (VI, King of England 1422-1461, 1470-1471)
  • Portchester Castle
  • Normandy
  • Le Havre, France
  • Calais

Related Information

Henry V

Coronation
March 13, 1413

Reign To
September 1, 1422

Succeeded
Henry IV

Preceded
Henry VI

Royal House
Lancaster
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Medieval Episodes

Early Middle Ages

  • Saxons and Angles
  • Viking Invasions

High Middle Ages

  • Edward the Confessor and Godwine
  • Reasons for the Norman Invasion
  • The Norman Invasion
  • The Norman Conquest
  • Background to the Crusades
  • People's and First Crusade
  • Second Crusade
  • Third Crusade
  • Stephen's succession to the throne
  • Civil War (The Anarchy)
  • The Conquest of Ireland
  • Henry II and Thomas Becket
  • Excommunication of King John
  • The First Barons' War
  • The Second Barons' War
  • Edward I and Wales
  • Edward I and Scotland

Last Middle Ages

  • Edward II and Piers Gaveston
  • Robert the Bruce
  • Isabella, She-Wolf of France and death of Edward II
  • Edward III starts the Hundred Years War
  • Continues with Richard II
  • Henry V invades France
  • Henry VI and Joan of Arc
  • The Black Death
  • The Peasants Revolt
  • The Lords Appellant
  • Glendower's Revolt
  • Wars of the Roses

Early Modern Period

  • The Great Explorers
  • Henry VIII and his six wives
  • Lady Jane Grey, the Nine Day Queen

Event Participants and Locations

  • Henry (V, King of England 1413-1422)
  • Charles (VI, King of France 1380-1422)
  • Richard (Earl of Cambridge)
  • Mortimer, Edmund (5th Earl of March)
  • Beaufort, Thomas (Duke of Exeter)
  • John (of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford)
  • Thomas (Duke of Clarence)
  • Catherine (of Valois)
  • Henry (VI, King of England 1422-1461, 1470-1471)
  • Portchester Castle
  • Normandy
  • Le Havre, France
  • Calais

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